Page 45 - COS-FOD2015

Compend. Oral Sci:vol1(6);2015;40-46

Saliva is readily accessible complex biological glucose level, Body Mass Index, questionnaire

fluid that is produced in, and secreted from the regarding to health condition, diet habit and
salivary glands. It consists of 99 % water with medication. The screening process was carried
electrolytes, mucus, proteins, and small molec- out to ensure the healthy subjects were collect-
ular weight metabolites making up the rest of ed.
the components [6-8]. Unbiased global metabo- Saliva samples preparation
lomic has rapidly enhanced disease characteri-
For acquisition of salivary NMR data, the frozen
zation and biomarker discovery. Metabolites
harvested saliva will be thawed, and spun at
within a broad range of pathways contributed to
3000 rpm to remove particulate matter. All sali-
the differentiation of healthy from diseased indi-
va samples were prepared with addition of deu-
viduals, as well as between disease pheno-
terated phosphate buffer for biofluid pH stabili-
types. Some salivary metabolites have been zation (pH 7.4). Additionally, sodium 3-
1
successfully identifies using H Nuclear Mag-
2
trimethylsilyl- (2,2,3,3- H 4) -1-propionate (TSP)
1
netic Resonance ( H NMR) [9], but to date
was added to serve as an internal standard and
chemometrics has not been applied to saliva
the deuterated solvent served as a field fre-
metabolite datasets to find potential markers for
quency lock. for the NMR spectrometer. Sodi-
disease [10]. Metabolite profiling of saliva re-
um azide was added as preservative.
mains largely under-explored despite demon-

strated potential for biomarker detection in other
biofluids such as urine and blood [11-13]. 1 H NMR metabolomic profiling
There is no metabolic database of healthy All samples was analysed using a Bruker
adult available in Malaysia. The aim of this Avance III NMR spectrometer operating at 500
1
study is to establish the metabolomics profile MHz H observation frequency using standard 1
database of healthy Malaysian adults. With the dimensional acquisition parameters at UiTM
database, we hope future researches can be Malaysia. All resulting NMR spectra were phase
done to identify new biomarker for early diagno- - and baseline-corrected. The data were Fourier
sis of diseases with more specific to the Malay- transformed, and spectra were referenced to
sia population. the TSP signal at 0 ppm. The results were then
referenced using Bruker Topspin (version 3.1,
Materials and Methods Bruker, Fallanden, Switzerland) software.

Participants
Multivariate data analysis
50 healthy individuals (30 female and 20 male),
Characterisation of spectral modulations by ap-
aged 12 to 64 (median age of 38 years) , were
plication of multivariate statistical data analysis
recruited in this study. Informed consents were
was used to reduce complexity of these data
obtained from patients according to the IMU
and to facilitate visualisation of inherent pat-
RCEC guideline. A total of 5 ml of saliva collect-
terns within the data. Data was normalised and
ed for analysis and immediately kept in the -80
scaled prior to multivariate analysis. The multi-
degree freezer. The subjects have been
variate statistical analysis such as principal
screened by measuring the blood pressure,

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